What happened

A study published in Nature Computational Science estimates that generative AI alone could lead to the disposal of between 2.1 billion and 13 billion computing devices - or 1.2 million to five million metric tonnes - each year by 2030.

The massive rate of displosal is seen as due to the rapid expansion of AI applications and data centres, which demand frequent upgrades of high-performance computing hardware.

Short life cycles for advanced processors and storage equipment mean devices need to be replaced often to meet rising demand, resulting in a surge of discarded electronics.

Why it happened

The surge in e-waste is primarily driven by the rapid growth of consumer and business applications using AI, and the data centers required to support generative these applications.

Generative AI models, such as large language models, are highly resource-intensive and require powerful servers, processors, and storage solutions that quickly become obsolete, necessitating frequent upgrades to computing infrastructure. 

As technology advances, computing devices typically have lifespans of just two to five years. 

Additionally, the presence of hazardous materials like lead and mercury in discarded electronics poses significant environmental risks if not managed properly.