DALL-E image generator
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DALL-E is a software programme that automatically generates images from natural-language text descriptions (or 'prompts'). Trained on text-image pairs culled from the Internet, DALL-E claims to create 'realistic imagery and art' in multiple styles and compositions.
Developed by OpenAI and first revealed in January 2021, DALL-E uses a modified version of large language model GTP-3 to generate images. DALL-E2, which generates more diverse, higher resolution images faster, was released in May 2022.
In September 2023, OpenAI released DALLE-3 with improved capabilities, added guardrails, and integration with ChatGPT.
DALL-E has been praised by researchers and commentators for the ease with which it makes it possible to create highly realistic, if surprising and weird, images and artwork at high speed.
System info 🔢
Operator: OpenAI; Microsoft
Developer: OpenAI
Country: USA
Sector: Technology
Purpose: Generate images
Technology: NLP/text analysis; Computer vision; Text-to-image; Neural network; Deep learning
Issue: Accuracy/reliability; Bias/discrimination - race, ethnicity, gender; Copyright; Employment - jobs; Environment; Mis/disinformation; Privacy; Safety
Transparency: Governance; Black box; Marketing; Privacy
Risks and harms 🛑
DALL-E has been criticised for creating inappropriate and harmful content, including misinformation and disinformation, amplifying biases, violating intellectual property rights, destroyiand damaging the environment, amongst others.
Transparency and accountability 🙈
OpenAI's refusal to let third parties assess its algorithm makes it difficult to understand how it works, and how its risks can be managed.
Given the variety and nature of the risks of DALL-E, and its potential negative impacts, OpenAI's decision to restrict user access to DALL-E has mostly been welcomed, even if some users complain that Stable Diffusion, Midjourney and other image generation tools are open to everyone and can be used with few, if any, restrictions
In July 2022, OpenAI announced DALL-E 2 would be made available to up to one million users as part of a large-scale beta test. An API for the system was released in November 2022
Incidents and issues 🔥
Accuracy: DALLE's ability to produce illogical and incomprehensible content, especially when presented with longer prompts.
Bias: DALL-E exhibits and reinforces biases, including gender, racial and cultural stereotyping.
IP/copyright: DALL-E produces content that copies existing artwork, and is reckoned to abuse copyright and trademarks. In November 2023, Disney