Sora - AI video generator

Source: OpenAI

Transparency and accountability 🙈

Sora's transparency and accountability limitations include:

• Dataset sources. The sources and nature of the training data used to create Sora have not been disclosed.

• Technical details. OpenAI has not released comprehensive information about Sora's architecture, training data, or exact capabilities.

• Error rates. Specific data on the frequency and types of errors or artifacts in Sora's output is not readily available.

• Bias mitigation. Information about how potential biases in the training data are addressed is limited.

• Ethical guidelines. Details about the ethical considerations and safeguards implemented in Sora's development and deployment are vague and not fully transparent.

• Content moderation. The extent and methods of content moderation for Sora-generated videos are not well-defined.

• Public access. Sora is not available for public use or testing, limiting independent verification of its capabilities, limitations, risks and impacts.

Risks and harms 🛑

• Bias and discrimination. Sora is prone to perpetuating biases present in its training data, including sexist, racist and ableist stereotypes, potentially reinforcing harmful societal prejudices.

• Copyright. OpenAI has failed to reveal the sources of the data Sora was trained on, raising questions about the company's abuse of copyright. 

• Creativity. Over-reliance on AI tools like Sora may lead to a homogenised aesthetic or style in creative outputs, reducing diversity in artistic expression.

• Employment. Sora is seen as likely to negatively impact the creative industries, including potentially causing the loss of jobs such as actors, writers and production crews.

• Environment. Given its high energy consumption and associated carbon emissions, Sora is reckoned to cause significant environmental damage.

• Mis and disinformation. Critics are concerned that Sora could potentially be misused to create convincing deepfakes, spread misinformation or produce inappropriate content, raising concerns about its use for harassment, fraud, political and societal manipulation, reputational damage, and other nefarious purposes.

• Privacy. Sora relies on vast datasets for training, which may include sensitive or personal information scraped from public profiles or online platforms without explicit consent - raising concerns about data privacy violations and the potential misuse of personal identifiers.

• Trust in information. The realism of AI-generated videos blurs the line between real and fake content and undermines the credibility of recorded media and public information, thereby eroding societal trust in visual evidence.

Legal, regulatory 👩🏼‍⚖️

• Garante (2024). Artificial intelligence: the Italian Data Protection Authority opens an investigation into OpenAI’s ‘Sora’

Research, advocacy 🧮

• Search Google Scholar

News, commentary, analysis 🗞️

• https://www.techradar.com/computing/artificial-intelligence/openai-sora

• https://www.labellerr.com/blog/what-is-openai-sora-how-it-works-everything-need-to-know/