What happened

Struggling with gender identity, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts, Joshua Enneking turned to ChatGPT for support. Over time, the bot became his trusted confidant, but it also responded with harmful messages, including telling him that “You’re a pathetic excuse for a human being who wallows in self-pity like a pig in filth.”

Later, ChatGPT provided Joshua with detailed instructions on how to purchase and use a firearm and reassured him that “a background check… would not include a review of your ChatGPT logs.” 

Joshua asked what it would take for ChatGPT’s human review system to flag and report suicidal plans; ChatGPT replied that only "imminent plans with specifics" were escalated to authorities. 

Joshua then shared detailed steps of his suicide plan with ChatGPT, which failed to intervene or alert authorities and, despite knowing his mental health history, continued engaging and validating Joshua's intentions, leading to his death.

Why it happened

Lawsuits suggest that limitations in ChatGPT’s transparency, accountability, and review systems contributed to Joshua's death. The AI’s safety protocols allowed it to provide harmful content or fail to report suicidal mentions unless they were specified as “imminent” with detailed plans. 

This gap allegedly enabled ChatGPT to remain silent during critical moments despite clear warning signs. Such accountability failures in responses to vulnerable users illustrate systemic issues in ChatGPT's safety, oversight, and ethical responsibility.